Privacy by Design: The Compliance Gap Your Board Hasn't Closed

Your organization likely has a privacy policy. What it may not have is privacy built into the systems that policy describes. The decisions that determine real compliance — how consent flows are configured, how data pipelines are architected, how vendor systems are onboarded — are made by engineers, IT teams, and procurement managers, without legal in the room. Four 2025 enforcement cases across California, France, and Ireland show what that organizational gap costs.